J Hand Microsurg. 2025 Nov 19;18(1):100385. doi: 10.1016/j.jham.2025.100385. eCollection 2026 Jan.
ABSTRACT
Anatomic total shoulder arthroplasty (TSA) has advanced considerably in recent decades, with the glenoid component recognized as a pivotal determinant of patient outcomes. This review integrates current literature and biomechanical insights surrounding contemporary glenoid implant designs, including all-polyethylene, hybrid, metal-backed, augmented, and inlay options. It examines key considerations such as the balance between conforming and nonconforming articulations, differences between keeled and pegged fixation, and how implant characteristics affect micromotion, radiolucency, and loosening risks. Additionally, innovative technologies like patient-specific instrumentation, computer-assisted surgery, and artificial intelligence are discussed in relation to improving implant positioning and surgical precision. By collating available evidence and implant strategies for glenoid replacement in anatomic TSA, this article aims to assist orthopaedic surgeons in making informed, patient-specific implant choices based on individual anatomy and functional requirements.
PMID:41362847 | PMC:PMC12681987 | DOI:10.1016/j.jham.2025.100385